Food Matters – Find a Good Local Butcher

DSC 1419Hanging Beef

You don’t have to look very hard to find news about problems with meat products destined for our dinner tables. The big news over the past couple of weeks has been associated with horsemeat being found in food products that should have contained beef. That’s more of an international story, but here at home there have been more recalls of frozen hamburgers that may be contaminated with e coli bacteria. Some frozen burger patties sold by Canada Safeway with a best before date of August 14th have been recalled, and CBC News is reporting that two cases of e coli illness are connected to beef subject to the Canadian Food Inspection Agency alert. There have also been 5 other cases reported after a recall of beef products in December sold by the Loblaws chain of supermarkets. So it seems despite best efforts to make sure our beef processing system is clean, contamination is still happening.

DSC 1424Village Butcher Co-Owner Rebecca Teskey

There will always be a chance of getting some food-borne illness no matter how careful you are, and labels can always be a problem, but I believe if you buy your protein from a shorter food chain you have less of a chance of getting sick and a better chance of eating something that is really going to impress you with quality and flavour. On Saturday I paid a visit to the Village Butcher on Oak Bay Avenue here in Victoria. The place was hopping, but owners Michael Windle and Rebecca Teskey took some time out from behind the counter to talk to me about how they take a lot of care in selecting their beef and other proteins for their customers. First, though, I asked them about what they thought when they heard about the horsemeat controversy. They said they were disappointed, but not surprised. They appreciate that horsemeat is something people eat in some cultures (they've never had anyone ask for horsemeat at their butcher shop), but they are against the idea of people not knowing what they are eating. (the horse meat news has actually boosted consumption of that protein in Canada!) At the Village Butcher they are very careful about where their products come from. They only purchase whole carcasses, as often as possible from Vancouver Island farms. Most of their pork comes from one farmer in Metchosin. Michael does all the lamb slaughtering on south Vancouver Island. So they know the farmers, they know the people who work in the abattoirs, so they have a pretty solid traceability.

The federal government spends a lot of money on our food inspection system, and Michael is quick to point out that we do have good systems, but they are more reactionary. Once a food has been identified as having a problem, we know where it came from and where it’s been sent. The province of British Columbia is taking over meat inspection from the Canadian Food Inspection Agency in 2014. But we still don’t really know what’s in it, especially when it comes to a product like a hamburger patty, the label says it contains beef, but that could be anything that came from the cow, including some parts you may not want to have in your burger; they only use muscle meats in their burgers. 

DSC 1426
 

I wondered whether Michael and Rebecca see a big uptick in sales whenever there is some sort of recall, but the answer is no, not really. They do notice that their customers always want to talk about the recalls, though, as it seems to reinforce their decision to patronize an independent butcher shop. And although Rebecca doesn’t expect people to start shopping at their shop in droves, she’s encouraged by the growth in the small butcher industry, but there’s still some education to be done: "I think it's great that people are going to more places like ours because it means they care more about where their food comes from. But one thing I have noticed over the past few years is that people don't know how to handle their meat and cook it, their knowledge of those skills has dramatically declined."

If you find prices at a small butcher shop are a little higher, there’s no way they can compete with the volume purchases that the large retailers can make from those large meat processors. But the difference in quality and flavour can make up for the price…eat a little less, taste a little more. I asked Michael to identify which products he thinks really showcase the difference in their products, and he recommended some grass-finished beef. On the show this week I barbecued an incredibly juicy and flavourful Village Butcher sirloin hamburger (they added some bone marrow, too!) as well as a skirt steak they had marinated in a chimichurri sauce. The steak is best seared rare and sliced against the grain and it had a fantastic beefy taste as well as a kick from the marinade.

Rebecca told me that the growth at their shop means a chance at continued existence for the small farmers who supply them. Their pig farmer in Metchosin, for example, was able to go ahead and build new barns and add other infrastructure based on the weekly orders from the Village Butcher, and he and another farmer are using putting previously fallow Agricultural Land Reserve acreage back into production: "They're using parcels of land that people own but don't want to farm. They grow oats and barley to feed their pigs, and when we had that shortage of feed last year in the rest of the country, there was no effect here, our prices didn't even have to change, because all the feed for the pigs we buy came from Vancouver Island."

DSC 1428

Who is your favourite butcher on Vancouver Island? Who do you like for their selection, service and price? Let me know in the comments section...

To listen to this week's radio column, visit this page on the All Points West website.

***update! Michael and Rebecca are planning a series of short classes covering everything from knife handling and sharpening to chicken disassembly and boning. Keep checking their Facebook page for updates and times.***

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Food Matters – Dine Around Preview

Locals Spinach SaladLocals Spinach Salad

Last Saturday I had the great opportunity courtesy of Discover Comox Valley to check out four different restaurants taking part in Dine Around the Comox Valley. To learn more about which restaurants are offering special menus and which hotels and B+B's are offering accommodation specials, check out this website. Dine Around the Comox Valley runs from Feb. 20th to March 17th, 2013. If you want to know more about Dine Around Victoria you can click here. It runs Feb. 21st to March 10th. The audio version of this preview is available to listen to here.

DSC 1387Creamy Parsnip Apple Soup

We started at Avenue Bistro in Comox, with oysters, salad, and this parsnip soup. I hate parsnips. But I loved this soup. So much so I asked for the recipe. (recipe below) 

DSC 1393Locals Spinach Salad

After Avenue it was in to Courtenay, to Locals, one of my favourite restaurants in the city, not only because of their dedication to local ingredients, but the deft hand of Chef Ronald St. Pierre. Isn't that spinach salad just beautiful? This is a great vegetable that can be grown here year-round, and Chef Ronald really knows how to use what he has to work with. Also on the Dine Around tasting menu, Dungeness crab, a true West Coast sustainable seafood resource, and we also enjoyed some salad rolls made with free-range chicken.

Photo1 1My Salad Rolls

I love making salad rolls so I took inspiration from Chef Ronald along with the list of ingredients he sent me and created the ones you see here on the left. (recipe below) 

DSC 1396 Sesame Tuna

Back over in Comox we visited a new restaurant for me, Martine's Bistro. The owner decided he wanted us to try all of the entrees he would be offering for Dine Around and we submitted to his will...curried chicken fettucine, sesame-crusted tuna, a bacon-wrapped filet mignon and a cassoulet featuring slow-cooked duck leg and pork belly. (My favourite, although the white chocolate creme brule was damn good as well.)

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Dessert at Prime

With just one restaurant to go our bellies were swollen but we still managed to demolish another creme brule as well as an excellent vanilla custard bread pudding doused with a bourbon butterscotch sauce...which I washed down with a couple of shots of bourbon. Cheers to Prime Chophouse and Wine Bar for a fitting finish to a memorable evening!

Transportation that evening was made effortless by Jacob of Ambassador Shuttle Service and accommodations were provided at the beautiful Beach House Bed and Breakfast in Courtenay. When they say 'beach' they're not kidding. The breakfast was good, too! Transportation to Vancouver Island was provided by BC Ferries

bnbView from our B and B

creamy parsnip and apple soup with crispy onions, chives and white truffle oil Recipe from Chef Aaron Rail, Avenue Bistro, Comox 

Ingredients:
2 tablespoons extra virgin olive oil
2 cups chopped onions, about 2 medium yellow or white onions 2 cloves garlic, minced
4 cups peeled and chopped parsnips
2 cups vegetable stock
2 cups fresh unfiltered apple juice
1 cup heavy cream
1⁄2 cup creme fraiche
1 cup finely sliced yellow onion
2 tablespoons minced chives
white truffle oil**

Procedure:
• sweat olive oil and chopped onions over high heat until onions wilt
• stir in minced garlic, turn heat as low as possible, cover with cartouche*
• slowly cook onions, stirring occasionally until very soft, about 30 - 40 minutes
• add parsnips, vegetable stock and apple juice, bring to a simmer, cover with
cartouche, and cook until the parsnips are very tender, about 45 minutes
• add heavy cream, turn heat to medium high, and bring to a boil
• remove from heat, add creme fraiche, blend with an immersion blender until smooth
• strain the soup through a fine mesh strainer and season to taste
• garnish soup with crispy fried onions(see note), chives and white truffle oil

For crispy fried onions:
• arrange finely sliced onion on a sheet pan lined with paper towel and season with salt and let onions sit for 10 minutes and then drain
• fry onions in 350 degree fahrenheit oil until golden brown
• drain onions and let dry on fresh paper towel

*a cartouche is a piece of wax paper cut to cover the top of the pan you are cooking in. It rests of top of the food and keeps in moisture.

**white truffle oil is available at specialty delis and grocery stores, black truffle oil is perfectly acceptable as well!

Salad Rolls, adapted from a recipe by Chef Ronald St. Pierre, Locals Restaurant, Courtenay (I've listed the ingredients Chef Ronald uses in his salad rolls, but you can be creative and use whatever veggies you have on hand that are easy to chew when raw. If you don't want chicken, you could use cooked shrimp. Or keep them veggie. Or add in some cooked vermicelli noodles, or chopped peanuts. Whatever you like.

Ingredients:

• Rice paper wraps (available in Asian grocery stores and most Ethnic ingredient sections of supermarkets)
• Free Range Chicken – stewed and pulled off the bone, cut into narrow strips
• Green and red cabbage, shredded
• Daikon radish, julienned
• Cucumber, peeled, seeded and julienned
• Green Onion, julienned
• Sunflower Sprouts
• Carrots, julienned
• Chinese 5 Spice Powder

Soya Ginger Dipping Sauce
• Ginger, a thumb-sized chunk, minced
• Garlic, one clove, minced
• Soya Sauce, 2 tbsp
• Brown Sugar, 1 tbsp
• Sesame Oil, 1/2 tsp
• Cilantro, 2 tbsp chopped
• Sambal / Chili sauce, to taste
• Lime, juice of two

Method:

Dipping sauce: In a small bowl, stir together all ingredients, taste for heat and salt, set aside.

In bowl, soak rice vermicelli in hot water until tender, about 10 minutes; drain. Toss with 1 tbsp (15 mL) of the dipping sauce.

Cut cucumber, red pepper, carrot and mango into 3- x 1/8-inch (8 cm x 3 mm) strips. Set aside.

Fill shallow fry pan with water. Soak one rice paper wrapper at a time in the water until it just starts to soften. Drain and pat with a tea towel and transfer to large cutting board. 

Along the bottom edge of the wrapper and leaving one inch on each side, place a bit of each of the filling ingredients in a neat pile. Sprinkle with a bit of Chinese 5-spice. Fold sides over the pile and tightly roll up. Repeat with more rice paper wrappers, one by one, using up the remaining ingredients. Cut each roll in half with a diagonal cut. Serve with the dipping sauce. 

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Food Matters – Gluten-Free Blend

Gluten Free BlendGluten Free Blend

People suffering from gluten intolerance or celiac disease are often forced to miss out on some of their favourite foods once they are diagnosed. Say goodbye to many types of bread and baked goods, not to mention all the processed food products out there that may contain gluten where it’s not expected. This week I met with one such sufferer who wasn’t content to miss out on some of her favourite food. I discussed her with guest host Khalil Aktar on Food Matters.

We certainly do hear much more about people having to, or choosing to go gluten-free these days. I think part of it probably comes from a greater awareness of what celiac disease is and quicker diagnoses, and another part of it may come from people trying gluten-free diets because they believe there is some sort of health benefit to it, especially in the case of people suffering from some forms of auto-immune disease, with Rheumatoid Arthritis, for example, there’s been one study showing a vegan, gluten-free, dairy free diet can help relieve the inflammation associated with RA. So when I heard that a nutritionist up island had developed a gluten-free baking blend for things like cakes, cookies and muffins, I thought that was a natural way to go with the trend.

Patricia ChueyPatricia Chuey

 But that turned out to not really be the case… The nutritionist  is Patricia Chuey, she lives just north of Nanaimo, but I knew her  from her days in Vancouver when she worked with Save-On Foods,  you may have seen her on billboards proffering a nice fresh apple to  the world, and she co-authored a great cookbook based on her 80-  20 concept, that is, eat right 80 percent of the time and not be so  careful with the other 20 percent. Anyway, when I talked to her this  week I found out she started developing this product mainly for herself. A few years ago she was finally diagnosed with celiac disease.Armed with that diagnosis she started trying the various gluten-free products that are out there and she just wasn’t happy with what she found. Low in nutrition, made mostly with white rice flour, crumbly and tasteless and expensive. So she decided to start baking her own gluten-free goodies. Not so easy: "I started looking through cookbooks for recipes and I had to gather together so many flours and things like xanthan gum and guar gum that it was really a chore. So my husband and I started grinding our own ingredients and coming up with a mix that we could use pretty much one for one to substitute all-purpose flour."

Photo1

I had great success baking chocolate chip cookies and blueberry banana muffins with her blend at home. While at Patricia's she served me equally delicious mini-banana muffins and a struesel cake from a recipe she found in Canadian Living magazine and substituted her blend one for one.Her blend is made of sorghum(a grain), white beans, tapioca and corn starch and xanthan gum, which is made from corn sugar and helps to make dough stickier and keep things together. The sorghum and beans are sourced in Canada from the Prairies, and Patricia can’t believe all the beans and legumes such as lentils that are grown in Canada and never consumed by Canadians…

Right now her production is fairly small. She’s doing mostly direct sales now, and some mail order, she will even be at the Lantzville Farmers Market when that starts up this spring. But so far so good: "Who knows where it will go, but everyone who has bought a bag so far has come back for more, and I'm trying to work on the packaging so I can offer it in a larger bag. Right now it costs $7 for a 454 gram bag, which will make you about two dozen muffins...quite a savings over paying 3 to 4 dollars per gluten-free muffin at a bakery.

Gluten Free Version
 

Patricia is quick to point out she doesn’t believe in people going on a gluten-free diet if they are not gluten-intolerant. But she does advocate being careful with gluten products that you do consume, more whole-grain foods, less processed flours are a much healthier choice. To try more recipes you can order Patricia's cookbook that she has revamped for gluten-free diets. Eating for Energy Without Deprivation: The 80-20 Cookbook (Gluten-Free Edition) is now a Kindle edition e-book.

And if you don’t like to bake there are some better-tasting gluten free products out there, and I’d love to hear from people who have found those products so we can share them around. Chef Janice Mansfield supplies gluten-free goodies to these Victoria spots: Nourish, AJs Organics, Township, and will soon to be at the Tin Roof in Cook St. Village. She also does a fair bit of custom baking for people who contact her directly at Real Food Made Easy.

The audio versions of my Food Matters columns are available on this All Points West webpage.

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Food Matters – Family Day and Chinese New Year

soupWonton Noodle Soup

Two holidays are on the horizon this weekend. Monday, February 11th, 2013 becomes a holiday with BC’s first Family Day statutory holiday, and on Sunday the 10th, Chinese Canadians will welcome the Year of the Snake. Both of these occasions will call for much good food to be consumed, although snake is NOT on the menu, even though it is the year of the snake… although I have tried Chinese snake wine in the past and have seen snakes being butchered for sale at a market in Hong Kong. After both of those experiences, I’m going in a different direction when it comes to tradition.Chinese food already has quite a long tradition here in Canada, of course. The first real waves of Chinese immigrants arrived in the mid to late 1800’s , they took part in the Fraser Canyon gold rush, and the Canadian Pacific Railway, and here on Vancouver Island in the coal industry, especially up island, where a small town like Cumberland once had the fifth largest Chinese settlement in BC. We still have a Chinatown in Victoria, but other towns like Nanaimo, Ladysmith, and Duncan all had sizeable Chinese settlements at one point. If you’re ever on your way to Duncan, just south of Duncan at Whippletree Junction you can see a collection of some of the once Chinese-owned buildings that were moved from Duncan in the 1960’s. Of course all these immigrants brought their style of cooking with them, mostly Cantonese, as that was the province most of the early Chinese immigrants came from.

That immigration ended up giving us some authentic dishes and others that were not actually from China to begin with. Some of these dishes are still with us today, but not necessarily associated with fine Chinese dining….so you have chop suey and chow mein, sweet and sour chicken balls, almond or lemon chicken, egg foo yung and so on. Of course now we have variations of Chinese cuisine from many different regions such as Szechuan and Hunan and Hakka.

wontons

I think the imprint of Chinese cuisine on our Canadian food culture has been massive. I’ve visited a lot of small towns across Canada, and invariably there is at least one or more Chinese restaurant in town, often they will have Chinese and Canadian food or Chinese and Western food under their names. When I lived in Prince Rupert there were no fewer than six Chinese restaurants in a city of about 15 thousand, and quite often the larger Chinese restaurants in a town are important sponsors of sports teams and other cultural activities. We now have many farms in BC which grow Chinese vegetables like bok choy, sui choy and cilantro, specialty farms raising Chinese style poultry like ginseng chickens and quail.

egg foo yung
Egg Foo Yung

And I think, when it comes to something like family day, the Chinese culture has given us traditions that have been adopted by many families, no matter their ethnicity. The Chinese buffet for lunch or dinner, or the dim sum brunch which has extended from strictly a Chinatown kind of thing to more widespread approval, even if some people still don’t like the idea of eating chicken feet. For guest host Khalil Akhtar I brought in a few things…homemade barbecue pork made in the oven. Egg foo yung with Chinese sausage, and my favourite, a pork and shrimp wonton noodle soup.

All of these were made at home by me without too much fuss, and stuffing the wontons is a great family activity. Some notes on the recipes if you want to try making these foods from scratch: The Chinese sausage I used in the egg foo yung recipe was very fatty, so you might want to cut down on the amount, or fry it on its own first and drain the excess oil. Have a large plate handy to that when the bottom side of the dish is done, you can slide it onto the plate, put your fry pan over top of the dish (careful, it’s hot!) and then invert so you get the uncooked side in the fry pan without too much of a spill. And make a double batch of the sauce in the recipe, you’ll need it.

For some great dumpling and potsticker recipes, check out this Vancouver Sun column by my good friend Nathan Fong. He has all kinds of ideas for dumplings you can make this weekend. The wonton wrappers I used for my recipe are available at most supermarkets and are separated easily. Moisten the edges when you put in the filling so they seal more easily.I want to especially mention a book that came out a few years ago called Chow: From China to Canada: Memories of Food and Family by Janice Wong, a Vancouver-based artist who produced an excellent blend of recipes and history based on her own family’s experience in Canada. This is where I got the recipe for the oven-roasted BBQ pork:

pork

Ingredients:

1/4 cup sugar

1/4 cup rice wine or dry sherry

1/4 tsp pepper

several slices of fresh ginger root

1 clove garlic, minced

6 tbsp hoisin sauce

4 tsp salt

6 strips boneless lean pork (I used about 2 pounds of centre loin)

6 standard metal paper clips

Combine the marinade ingredients and add them to the pork in a large ziploc bag. Marinate for at least four hours, but overnight is preferable. Remove your top oven rack, move the bottom one to its lowest setting and preheat the oven to 425F. Bend the paperclips into an S-shaped hooks. Remove the pork from the marinade and skewer one end of each piece of pork with a clip. Hook the opposite end of the clip onto the oven rack. Put a baking sheet on the bottom rack of the oven and put the top rack back in so it is at its highest level and the strips of pork hang down from the rack and over the baking sheet.  Roast the pork for 15 minutes. Reduce heat to 325F and continue roasting for another hour or until nicely browned on the outside.

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Food Matters – Safeway and McDonald’s Go Sustainable Seafood!

Counter

Consumers are demanding more and more responsibility and accountability from the people who produce their food, and large companies are starting to respond. While local foods, fair trade goods and organic groceries have been the most recent buzzwords, sustainable seafood is now on the table in a big way. That was the topic of the week's edition of Food Matters on CBC Victoria's All Points West.

It certainly hasn’t been an overnight change, but it’s become clear over the past few years that seafood stocks around the world are dwindling. For Canadians we saw it first in a big way with the collapse of the Atlantic cod fishery, and here in BC we are most familiar with shrinking wild salmon populations, but you can also put rockfish and abalone in the same bucket, we haven’t been able to harvest wild abalone since 1990 and rockfish, while still an important part of the BC fishing industry, is being watched very closely with many more harvest restrictions in place now. What has happened in the past with seafood stocks around the world is that as one stock was depleted, the industry would just find another stock to plunder. But now consumers have spoken loudly enough about wanting more sustainable seafood that major retailers are listening.

They are starting to work in conjunction with the various agencies out there that monitor seafood stocks and certify which stocks can be most sustainably harvested. I’ve mentioned some of these agencies in the past. I think here in BC we are most familiar with the OceanWise and SeaChoice programs, but you will also see labels on seafood from the Marine Stewardship Council. A few years ago some of the major grocery chains started to advertise about how they were selling seafood with those certifications, but the announcement I attended last week in Vancouver was one of the most sweeping commitments I’ve seen so far. Canada Safeway announced a partnership with SeaChoice to launch an information program in all of their stores here, complete with a labeling program on the seafood products in each store.

poster

Safeway has adopted most of the ‘stoplight’ system for labeling the SeaChoice features. First or best choice products are have a green label, and a yellow label for second choice or ‘some concerns’ with that particular seafood. Red represents a product that SeaChoice doesn't recommend you buy, but Safeway is not labeling those choices. I asked SeaChoice representative Kelly Roebuck the reasoning behind that, and she told me that Safeway has phased out many of those 'red' products already, or that other products without labels haven't been rated yet by SeaChoice or other certifying organizations. 

Cans

So this is still a work in progress... Safeway and SeaChoice started working on this program about two years ago and Safeway has pledged that by 2015 all fresh and frozen seafood, as well as their private label canned tuna, will be sourced from sustainable and traceable sources...or at least be in transition to being sustainable.  Renee Hopfner is Canada Safeway’s Director of Community Investment and Corporate Social Responsibility. She told me that the timing was necessary to go through about 30 different seafood vendors Safeway uses, and certify some 25 million pounds of fish that they sell each year used in thousands of different products. Most of the effort has gone into the fresh and frozen side of things, but now they are also looking at canned seafood products, especially since sustainable fresh and frozen products can be pricy.

"So that’s one thing that's we've learned, is that sometimes our sustainable alternatives, because of the supply and demand issue, can be expensive. And so with our canned tuna product, our first foray into the shelf-stable category, we're really excited that it's an affordable alternative for our customers, because it is a Safeway-branded product."

 

The Safeway brand canned tuna comes complete with labeling that tells you the tuna was caught without using harmful ‘fish-aggregating-devices’ or FADs, which have been linked to detrimental occurrences of by-catch to more fragile species.

Some of the more difficult products to source sustainably are shrimp and farmed salmon. I’ve talked in the past about how much of the very cheap shrimp we eat in North America comes from very non-sustainable practices and it’s an area they are still working on but they are pretty sure they can have something in place by 2015, or at least be on the road to it. They have also managed to secure some salmon that has been farmed in a closed-containment system which is deemed a better choice by SeaChoice. The only problem with that is keeping up with the demand, when people see it in the stores, they’re buying it. That’s just one more sign of the change that is happening with consumers that retailers and suppliers are dealing with.

If any one company can send ripples through a supply chain it is McDonald's. In Canada, the chain has already been using Alaskan Pollock for its sandwiches for a while, which is on the Marine Stewardship Council’s safe list, and now all the McDonald’s in the USA will be using MSC certified fish in their Filet O Fish sandwiches as well as something new called Fish McBites, which will debut in February. They will even put the MSC blue certification labels on the packaging.

Is there any downside to all of this attention being paid to sustainable stocks? I worry about there being too much pressure put on what are so-called sustainable stocks as demand for these products increases. And I worry about the accuracy of the certification. A report in the Marine Policy journal states that some 31 percent of the fish stocks certified by the MSC had indeed been overfished!  That report has contributed to a growing controversy about how seafood stocks are indeed certified.

OPPORTUNITY: The Victoria Public Market at the Hudson is slated to open on May 1st, 2013. This market will draw plenty of tourists and it is assembled to serve everyday grocery shoppers with such vendors as a butcher, baker, cheese maker, and produce dealer as well as other prepared food. One key vendor that is missing is seafood. Maryanne Carmack of the Victoria Downtown Public Market Society says that. "It's essential we have seafood as an option in our Public Market. Customers want to have a one stop shop for all of their needs and they demand variety. I would love a place where I can buy a whole fish or try something different such as a fresh sardine." If you are interested in this opportunity, send me a note at don at don genova dot com and I will put you in touch with Maryanne!

***This just in... today SeaChoice announced another partnership with Buy-Low Foods, which includes both Nesters Market and Shop n’ Save stores. 

To listen to this or past Food Matters episodes, visit this page at the All Points West website.

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Food Matters – Food Waste

Food waste is an insidious problem that just doesn’t make sense. In a world filled with both hunger and obesity, how can we let such a precious commodity as food go to waste? I’ve been pondering this question since learning a bit more about food waste at FoodWorx in Portland last week so I followed up on the topic in this week’s edition of Food Matters.

While at the conference last week I learned some astounding facts and figures, such as: The actual size of our dinner plates has increased by 36 per cent since before 1960, and there’s been an increase in calories in common food items like a piece of pizza, which have grown by 70 per cent.

There were some other stats that I thought were just astounding so I wanted to talk about those and see if we have any Canadian equivalents. First a world stat, from a 2011 United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization report: One third of all food produced each year is lost or wasted. That’s about 1.3 billion tons of food a year. And it’s not just the food that we bring into our kitchens that’s wasted. In the United States, 40 percent of food is wasted just getting to the consumer, some of it never makes it to the grocery store, some of it doesn’t even make it out of the farmers’ fields. When it does get to the average American home, 25 percent of the food is wasted.

Canadians are pretty bad as well. About 50 percent of the food we bring into our home ends up in the trash, mostly in the form of unwanted leftovers. 9 percent is left in the farmers’ fields, 18 percent lost in packaging and processing, about 20 percent between food retailers and the food service industry.

Why this food goes to waste is a tough question, but the easy answer is because we have too much food. And this really puts the blame for food waste squarely on the denizens of the first world. We’ve done such a good job of making food cheap and plentiful it doesn’t bother us when we waste it. If we had less food available to us maybe we would be a little more careful about it. We’re very picky. Producers throw out thousands of pounds of crops because of imperfections that make them unacceptable to our discerning eyes. We don’t want funny shaped potatoes or apples with a bruise on them. We are also bad at storing our foods properly in the fridge or freezer so we get lots of spoilage. Watch this great Ted Talks feature about the topic by Tristam Stuart here.  

Bread WasteBread Waste

I know the numbers on food waste are hard to imagine, but what brought it home to me was the opening scenes of an excellent 2005 documentary called ‘We Feed the World’, by Austrian filmmaker Erwin Wagenhoferd. They show truckloads of all types of perfectly good bread being dumped in the garbage in Vienna, it’s two days old at most. Then we learn that the amount of bread dumped in Vienna every day is roughly equal to what is consumed in Austria’s next largest city. 

That’s quite staggering, especially since I’m sure if you asked anyone if they WANT to waste food, they would say no. But as Heather Schmidt of New Seasons Market in Portland said in her talk last week, food waste is not rational. People are fickle, we buy things with good intentions, but then end up letting them languish in the fridge. I’m really good at saving leftovers by putting them in the freezer, but I’m really bad at using them, I just buy more and more fresh food, and then my freezer gets full and I haven’t labeled things properly and some stuff ends up going right into the garbage or compost. Composting is a good way to take care of some of the waste and get improved soil and food production in return.  But keep in mind that those scraps were actually grown for human consumption. We put an awful lot of land, energy and water into creating that food, which doesn’t end up being used for its intended purpose. So part of the answer is perhaps lowering the production of food that is just going to be wasted at an earlier level of the food stream.

So how do we cut down on food waste? If you’re talking about the big picture, it could mean calling on your municipal or provincial government representatives to make changes in legislation that would prevent food waste. For example, in BC we have the Food Donor Encouragement Act, which was brought in back in 1997. The act allows companies to donate food that they would otherwise be throwing out as surplus to their purposes, but is still perfectly good to eat, without the fear of being held liable for that food. So, a chain like 7-11 may have sandwiches on the shelf that they get rid of because they’ve reached their best before date, but they really have some life left in them, so they can be picked up and used right away by agencies helping the poor or homeless, same thing for unopened trays of food used at banquets.  Anything that can divert food out of the landfill or compost and see it being eaten instead of destroyed.

Love FoodLove Food

In our own homes there are lots of things you can do…in the United Kingdom, there’s a movement called Love Food, Hate Waste, organized by a non-profit organization using funding from various government sources. The website helps you figure out portions and how to store foods, and this movement has managed to get UK residents to reduce their food waste by 18 percent in just five years. Heather Schmidt says a 15 percent reduction in food waste in the USA could feed 25 million hungry Americans, so just imagine if we did that around the world…and got our surplus food into the mouths of people who really need it. 

An Everlasting MealAn Everlasting Meal

Finally I want to recommend a book called An Everlasting Meal, by Tamar Adler, a chef from New York who has really put together a non-cheffy kind of guide to, as the subtitle says, Cooking with Economy and Grace. This is great advice on getting everything out of a whole chicken, vegetable scraps, and even some great uses for orange and lemon peels. 

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For Aspiring Food and/Or Travel Writers – School is Back in Session!

write for food

This week it’s back to school for me…as an instructor. My in-person or online Food and Travel writing courses begin this week at UBC and it’s not too late to sign up. If you’ve ever thought of turning your travel or food experiences into stories or blogs, these are the courses for you. If you’re in the Greater Vancouver area, in-person Food and Travel Writing starts this Thursday (Jan. 24th) at 5:30pm at UBC Robson Square, great if you work downtown.

Travel Online and Food Online both started today, but if you register within the next few days you won’t be behind on the homework….yes, there is homework, but if you want to learn how to be a writer, well, you have to write!

Click on this link to learn more about the courses and to find out how to register. Hope to see you soon in-person or online…

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Food Matters – FoodWorx Portland

FoodworxThere is more and more talk going on these days about food. We all have to eat, after all, but food is entering into many more discussions than the simple question of what’s for dinner. This week I traveled to Portland for a food conference that presented a sweeping view on food. It was called FoodWorx, the Future of Food. Organized by the World Food Travel Association, which is headquartered in Portland, Foodworx was an attempt to mount a one-day Ted Talks-style series of a dozen speakers. Each speaker got only 20 minutes to present on their topic with a few minutes for Q and A afterwards. The speakers came from a variety of disciplines, some more closely attached to food than others, and the audience came from varied backgrounds as well, including students from a cooking school, the Thompson-Okanagan Tourism Board, and people who run food gleaning programs and other community based food organizations.

The day was fairly fast-paced, emceed by a Portland Public Radio host who is obviously familiar with the time limit concept, and the topics were quite well-chosen. I could tell it was a good conference because I left with pages of notes and inspiration.

Clare CarverClare Carver

The very first speaker was Clare Carver, co-owner of Big Table Farm in Oregon. It’s a winery, a cattle ranch, a horse farm and they serve farm to table dinners there as well. She really got us to think about farms of the future in a different way…in one sense a return to the diversity all farms used to have, and in another sense about how new farmers don’t really have to have a lot of experience to get started:

I think every reason that anyone would want to start a farm, or a restaurant, or a food business, is valid, don’t worry about it. If you want to start a farm because you think that red barns are romantic, then start a farm. I’m not saying that it’s not gonna be hard, but that doesn’t mean that’s not a perfectly good reason to start a farm. Part of why I wanted to start a farm is because I love animals. And I love horses, and I thought that this crazy idea of wanting a farm with horses would work, and it kind of does, but it’s been quite the road to get there, I promise you. I’ve broken both my arms and have all kinds of adventures I could tell you about.

Clare also noted for beginners it’s farming by Google, but that having good neighbours, either nearby or on the internet helps a lot.

Erik WolfErik Wolf

The wildly-popular farm to table dinners they present are one of the kind of experiences Erik Wolf talked about. Erik is the executive director of the World Food Travel Association, and part of his talk keyed on how foodies spend a lot of money, whether they are traveling around the world or across town, and how they are looking for an experience that will create a good memory:

Food and drink are the only art forms that speak to all five senses. You can’t smell a statue or taste a painting but you can use all five human senses when you are eating and drinking. Food and drink are the most important tenets of culinary tourism, or what we now call food tourism. We like to think that we should be promoting a memory, and not a meal. So a restaurant thinks it is just in a business that means serving a meal, they’re in the wrong business, they need to serve a memory, they need to foster that word of mouth promotion that is the most productive and least expensive kind of promotion.

And isn’t it true that when people come back from a trip they are inevitably asked about how the weather was, and then, ‘how was the food?’  You definitely start talking only about the ‘memorable’ food highlights, many of which have to do with more than the food, it’s the setting, the service, the ambience and atmosphere. 


Sustainability of our food systems was a big topic at FoodWorx, everything from linking architecture to sustainably-built restaurants to some of the food heroes in America that are now being called social entrepreneurs. These are people who are doing good in the world of food by selling healthy products and giving back to society, but who are also doing a very good job at making money at it. Another very interesting talk came from Heather Schmidt, who talked about food waste. She’s the sustainability manager for New Seasons Market, a chain of locally-owned grocery stores in Oregon that feature local and organic foods. Heather has been looking carefully at her own food waste lately and was 

New Seasons Marketsurprised to find she wasn’t as good at not wasting food as she thought she was, despite her best efforts. I’m going to talk more about food waste next week, but Heather trotted out some fascinating statistics linking obesity, hunger and food waste:

The actual size of our dinner plates has increased by 36 per cent since before 1960, and there’s been an increase in calories in common food items like a piece of pizza, which have grown by 70 per cent.  So you’ve got a population increase, and you’ve got a greater demand for food, and we’re supposed to be adding four billion people to the planet by the end of this century or sooner. And we’ve also got a warming planet, it effects our food systems, and then we’ve also seen this increase in food waste. So at a time when we need more food, we’re wasting it.
 

BrianDavidJohnsonBrianDavidJohnson

The conference concluded with a fascinating talk from Brian David Johnson, a futurist from the Intel Corporation. This is a guy who is already dreaming up what your computer will be able to do in the year 2020…and that includes a computer you can eat:

They’re actually making computers that are made out of silicon and silk and magnesium that you’ll be actually able to eat them. Now that may sound a little bit freaky but if you’ve got a really bad stomach problem and have no idea what’s going on, being able to swallow a tiny little analyzer that has some wi-fi attached to it that can just send out what’s going on down there is really important. Oh and by the way the amount of magnesium you would swallow is less than you would get by eating a multivitamin pill. So as we start thinking about the future of food, it’s not only thinking about science fiction stuff like Soylent Green,  
we’re getting a lot closer being able to bring technology and food together, in an interesting way, and in a way I argue can make a pretty dramatic change.

If you want to hear my chat about the conference on All Points West, just go to this page, where the audio will eventually be posted. I’ll have a bit more from the conference next week.

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Food Matters – Apps, Not Appies

With the New Year comes new resolutions, many of them falling into the food realm. Eat more fruits and veggies, cut down on the fat, lose some pounds, or maybe even gain some weight. I’ve been looking into how to use parts of your digital life in order to help your real life stay on track and that was the topic of this week’s Food Matters on All Points West.

We spend so much time on our computers and smart phones these days I thought it was just a natural extension for us to be able to keep track of, or even assist in those resolutions.  But I only believe in using software or apps if they make things easier. Anything that is complicated to use or perhaps too hard to understand will only get in the way of you keeping your goals.

WEIGHT LOSS

Lose It

I always think that I eat fairly well, no junk food or fast food, as little processed food as possible. I think I just eat TOO MUCH of a good thing. So the app that I’ve used in the past and one that I have started using again is called Lose It. It’s basically an electronic diary that allows you to enter your age, height and current weight and what your goal weight is and how fast you want to get there. Then it calculates how many calories you can have each day to achieve that goal, but also varies that calorie count according to how much exercise you do in a day or a week.

The Lose It database has a wide range of foods and ingredients already entered, prepared foods you buy at the supermarket, dishes you can order at restaurants, and the raw ingredients you put into your cooking. So you search for what you eat, and enter it under Breakfast, Lunch, Dinner or Snacks. Lose It keeps a running total for the day and the week, both numerical and as an easy-read graph. Once you have entered a food or even an entire meal it saves it so you can easily enter it again if you have the same thing. It also has a wide range of exercise headings so you can keep track of how many calories you’ve burned in the course of the day, everything from weight lifting to running to even raking leaves or chopping firewood.

The basic app for Lose It is free, and you can run it on your computer, your smart phone or your iPad or Android device. It syncs across any of those devices, so you have your data with you wherever you are. And you can custom design a food or a meal by entering its calories that you have figured out for it or by doing a search for it…and there are lots of calorie counts out there for almost anything you can think of. A couple of downsides include the cost to upgrade to a version that allows you to sync with some of the other fitness gadgets out there including digital scales and even a blood pressure monitor, and also get into Lose It communities, join a group or stay in touch with friends also using Lose It, that’s 40 dollars a year.  The other thing is that this is an American app. A lot of the chain restaurants and supermarket brands that make up the database are not in Canada so that seems like a lot of wasted info. But the free app gets me everything I need so I’m going to stick with it. (I’ve lost two pounds already!)

SUSTAINABLE SHOPPING

ow iPhone

People on the West Coast generally care more about the kind of seafood they buy than folks in Central Canada, I’ve found, but they don’t necessarily have the knowledge they need to make wise choices. So download the free Ocean Wise app. It’s free, and one of the best features is that you can touch ‘Restaurants and Markets Near Me’ and it will pull up a map, which gets updated from time to time, of places you can purchase Ocean Wise products at markets and grocery stores, or restaurants that have received certification from Ocean Wise because of the seafood they serve. There is a directory that goes further so you can even look up caterers, schools and suppliers, and individual fish and seafoods to see if there are recommended or not recommended to buy.  SeaChoice is another seafood selection app, but it doesn’t have the listings of restaurants, caterers and so on. But it does have a sushi feature, where you can get the common names of sushi fish selections and their English translations.

goodguideGoodGuide

It gets a little more difficult to find truly Canadian guides to sustainable shopping.  One that is getting better is called GoodGuide. This one allows you to scan a bar code with your smartphone and if GoodGuide has listed it, it will tell you how it rates on a 1-10 scale on health and nutrition, environment and society. A high health score tells you the product is nutritious, Society deals with how the company’s social practices and policies rank against other companies surveyed by good guide, and Environment looks at the company’s effect on the environment. 

You can scan anything that has a bar code, even fresh veggies that come in a bar-coded bag. I stood in front of my cupboards and my fridge for a few minutes and scanned bar codes. Less than half of them actually turned up in the listings…which is actually a vast improvement over the last time I tried it a couple of years ago.

TrueFoodTrueFood

If it’s genetically modified food organisms you want to avoid, try TrueFood, this is brought to you free from the US Center For Food Safety. Gives you broad tips on how to avoid purchasing GMO’s, but then provides a guide to a wide variety of food products, many of which are American, but you can still get a pretty good idea of what kinds of brands to look for that also make appearances on Canadian grocery store shelves. There is also a ‘What’s New Section’ that gives you updates on the latest stories, again mostly American, regarding developments in the world of GMOs.

FoodilyFoodily

I also just started exploring an app called Foodily. It’s kind of social media for foodies who want to share recipes, but it also has hundreds of recipes from chefs like Wolfgang Puck and Cat Cora, and magazines like Self, a searchable recipe data base by ingredients or type of diet, everything from Paleo to Kid-Friendly. I saw a great recipe for cassoulet, hit email recipe and sent it to myself. Seconds later I had a shopping list on my smartphone. Okay, cassoulet isn’t necessarily the healthiest thing in the world but it makes me feel good.  Oh, and one to avoid: Love the website but hate the app for Epicurious.  The Conde Nast magazine empire apparently still can’t make this app keep working after years of trying. What food apps do you like for your mobile device? Share your faves in the comments section below.

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Food Matters – International Year of the Quinoa

Year of the QuinoaYear of the Quinoa

As you’ve heard time and time again, many people start the New Year with new diet resolutions. While we know you shouldn’t put all your eggs into one basket, a single ingredient has been chosen by the United Nations as a highlight for the year ahead. The U-N Food and Agriculture Organization has named 2013 as the International Year of the Quinoa, recognizing its incredible nutritional value as well as the indigenous people of the Andes who have cultivated and preserved this seed for generations.

It’s not like quinoa is brand new to the North American market…but it is a great source of fibre, iron, calcium, and B Vitamins. It is also gluten-free, in this era of growing gluten intolerances, and it can also be counted as a vegan ingredient. It has really taken off here in North America over the past few years and seems to turn up in almost every pot-luck dinner I go to these days.

Quinoa RevolutionQuinoa Revolution

I have to confess that I am not fond of ingredients that turn up everywhere, just because they are trendy, and especially since most of the quinoa I’ve eaten has been in some sort of stodgy salad. I also already have too much iron in my blood, thanks to my Mediterranean heritage, so it’s not like I need the iron in it. It can also be expensive, about $5 a pound. To try to get over my problems with quinoa I met with Carolyn Hemming, who along with her sister, Patricia Green, has written the Quinoa Revolution cookbook, with more than 150 recipes. This is the follow-up to their wildly popular Quinoa 365 cookbook, which I bought for my wife a year ago, and it can be added to a book I was sent late last year called 500 Best Quinoa Recipes. So I am now in possession of well over one thousand recipes involving quinoa.

Quinoa 365Quinoa 365

Carolyn Hemming couldn’t really recall the first time she ever had quinoa, but she did tell me why she started including it in her diet:

“I was a very functional eater, my sister had convinced me to start eating quinoa just because of its nutritional properties, and that convinced me. Once I cooked it and saw how easy it was to cook, I was sold. Up until then I was eating a certain amount of cottage cheese, a certain amount of yogurt, a certain amount of oatmeal, a certain amount of spinach leaves, so quinoa just made it easy.”

Salad and BlondiesSalad and Blondies

Notice that she didn’t say how much she liked the taste of it? But this seed has hit the mark for many people out there. Carolyn told me about the hundreds of letters they received after they published their first book, people who have used quinoa to lose weight, help control their diabetes, and relieve their problems with gluten intolerance, and so on. So this second book is more than just a cookbook, it lists complete nutritional information and comparisons with other grains and seeds, a lengthy kind of Quinoa FAQ, and descriptions of other quinoa products like flour and flakes. So armed with all of that information I attempted a couple of recipes from the book with other ingredients I had around the house post-holidays. I milled some quinoa into flour with my Thermomix in mere seconds, so I was able to use the flour, almond butter and chocolate chips to make ‘blondies’, quite tasty, and then cooked some whole quinoa to add to a Tex-Mex style salad with shallots, black beans, cooked corn kernels, chipotle chiles in adobo, cilantro, lime juice and olive oil. Pretty good!

500 Best Quinoa Recipes500 Best Quinoa Recipes

Are these recipes changing my mind about quinoa? Meh. I still am not crazy about the taste. But I do want to mention a few tips Carolyn told me that will probably help everyone’s quinoa experiences…and if these tips had been followed I probably wouldn’t have had so many bad experiences in the past. She says people tend to undercook quinoa before they use it in baking, but it does NOT cook more once you put it in something, so it needs to be well-cooked before you puree it. With salads, do NOT add the dressing to a quinoa salad until the quinoa has cooled off, since warm quinoa may still absorb liquid and lead to that stodginess I mentioned earlier…and finally, be patient! Make sure all the cooking liquid is absorbed before you take the quinoa out of the pot.

While much of the world’s quinoa production is concentrated in South America, quinoa grows quite well here in Canada. Here’s a link to a company based in Saskatchewan, Northern Quinoa Corporation.

If you would like to listen to my conversation with Madeline Green of All Points West, the audio link will be posted here.



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